Introduction to Research Method: Research Variable (Presentation)

An important step in designing all quantitative research projects is defining or identifying the variables that will be manipulated, measured, described, or controlled. Although qualitative researchers do not define variables to the same extent that quantitative researchers do, they still must outline what kinds of phenomena they are studying. The major types of variables, or phenomena of interest, are described briefly here, with common examples from service-learning research provided. In science and research, attribute is a characteristic of an object (person, thing, etc.). While an attribute is often intuitive, the variable is the operationalized way in which the attribute is represented for further data processing. In data processing data are often represented by a combination of items (objects organized in rows), and multiple variables (organized in columns).

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